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Insulin resistance and beta-cell function were assessed by a continuous infusion of glucose in the following three groups of white subjects at risk of developing impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes: 41 subjects who were the offspring of patients with type II diabetes, 26 general-population subjects with an increased fasting plasma glucose level of at least 5.6 mmol/L on screening, and 22 subjects who had had gestational diabetes but were now nondiabetic. Subjects had a mean (+/- 1 SD) age of 43 +/- 9 years and a body mass index (BMI) of 27 +/- 5 kg/m2. Subjects with previously increased fasting glucose levels were significantly more insulin resistant than a control group, taking into account BMI, age, and gender (% normal insulin sensitivity [%], 59 [50 to 79] v 87 [73 to 96]; P < .005), and previously gestationally diabetic subjects showed greater impairment of beta-cell function (% normal beta-cell function [% beta], 69 [60 to 87] v 97 [89 to 105]; P < .005). Diabetes (defined by World Health Organization criteria) or impaired glucose tolerance (defined as an achieved plasma glucose concentration [APG] > 95th percentile of an age- and weight-matched population) was identified in 22% of family members, 31% of fasting hyperglycemic subjects, and 41% of previously gestationally diabetic subjects.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Original publication

DOI

10.1016/0026-0495(93)90003-7

Type

Journal article

Journal

Metabolism

Publication Date

08/1993

Volume

42

Pages

932 - 938

Keywords

Adult, Aged, Analysis of Variance, Blood Glucose, Body Mass Index, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, European Continental Ancestry Group, Fasting, Fatty Acids, Nonesterified, Female, Glucose, Glucose Tolerance Test, Humans, Infusions, Intravenous, Insulin Resistance, Islets of Langerhans, Male, Middle Aged, Obesity, Phenotype, Prevalence, Radioimmunoassay, Risk Factors