Oncostatin M drives intestinal inflammation and predicts response to tumor necrosis factor-neutralizing therapy in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.

West NR., Hegazy AN., Owens BMJ., Bullers SJ., Linggi B., Buonocore S., Coccia M., Görtz D., This S., Stockenhuber K., Pott J., Friedrich M., Ryzhakov G., Baribaud F., Brodmerkel C., Cieluch C., Rahman N., Müller-Newen G., Owens RJ., Kühl AA., Maloy KJ., Plevy SE., Oxford IBD Cohort Investigators None., Keshav S., Travis SPL., Powrie F.

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), are complex chronic inflammatory conditions of the gastrointestinal tract that are driven by perturbed cytokine pathways. Anti-tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF) antibodies are mainstay therapies for IBD. However, up to 40% of patients are nonresponsive to anti-TNF agents, which makes the identification of alternative therapeutic targets a priority. Here we show that, relative to healthy controls, inflamed intestinal tissues from patients with IBD express high amounts of the cytokine oncostatin M (OSM) and its receptor (OSMR), which correlate closely with histopathological disease severity. The OSMR is expressed in nonhematopoietic, nonepithelial intestinal stromal cells, which respond to OSM by producing various proinflammatory molecules, including interleukin (IL)-6, the leukocyte adhesion factor ICAM1, and chemokines that attract neutrophils, monocytes, and T cells. In an animal model of anti-TNF-resistant intestinal inflammation, genetic deletion or pharmacological blockade of OSM significantly attenuates colitis. Furthermore, according to an analysis of more than 200 patients with IBD, including two cohorts from phase 3 clinical trials of infliximab and golimumab, high pretreatment expression of OSM is strongly associated with failure of anti-TNF therapy. OSM is thus a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for IBD, and has particular relevance for anti-TNF-resistant patients.

DOI

10.1038/nm.4307

Type

Journal article

Journal

Nat med

Publication Date

05/2017

Volume

23

Pages

579 - 589

Keywords

Adult, Aged, Animals, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Case-Control Studies, Chemokines, Colitis, Disease Models, Animal, Female, Flow Cytometry, Gastrointestinal Agents, Gene Expression Profiling, Humans, Immunoblotting, Immunohistochemistry, Inflammation, Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Infliximab, Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1, Interleukin-6, Male, Mice, Mice, Knockout, Middle Aged, Oncostatin M, Oncostatin M Receptor beta Subunit, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, Young Adult

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