Adaptive immunity towards self-antigens (autoimmunity) and intestinal commensal microbiota is a key feature of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Considering mucosal adaptive immunity from a holobiont perspective, where the host and its microbiome form a single physiological unit, emphasises the challenge of avoiding damaging responses to self-antigen and symbiotic microbial communities in the gut while protecting against potential pathogens. Intestinal tolerance mechanisms prevent maladaptive T and B cell responses to microbial, environmental, and self-antigens, which drive inflammation. We discuss the spectrum of antimicrobial and autoantibody responses and highlight mechanisms by which common IBD-associated adaptive immune responses contribute to disease.
Journal article
2025-06-01T00:00:00+00:00
94
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Humans, Animals, Autoantibodies, Symbiosis, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, T-Lymphocytes, B-Lymphocytes, Immune Tolerance, Intestines, Autoimmunity