Validation of a novel simulated tendon model for core suture tendon repair.

Western L., Roberts PG., Rees J., Howgate D.

INTRODUCTION: Simulation training can develop surgical procedural skills in a safe environment. Able to offer high-intensity exposure, simulation is increasingly important as working time for surgeons becomes more protected. Materials used in simulated tendon repair play a critical role in the fidelity and face validity of the model. Although organic materials like porcine tendon are commonly used, non-organic materials offer advantages such as accessibility, reproducibility, cost-effectiveness and ease of use without the need for special licences or facilities. This study aims to establish the face, content and concurrent validity of using a novel silicone material in a simulated tendon repair model. METHODS: Three tendon models, bathroom silicone sealant, DragonSkin® silicone and organic porcine tendons, were evaluated for concurrent validity through mechanical load to failure testing. Face and content validity were assessed, following participant repair of a DragonSkin® tendon, using a 5-point Likert scale for five clinically relevant parameters. RESULTS: Significant differences in load to failure were observed among bathroom sealant, DragonSkin® and porcine tendon (11.1N, 31.7N and 56.2N; p < 0.001). Participant feedback on the DragonSkin® tendon indicated that it was suitably representative, easy to use and useful for training (agreement rates 58%, 75% and 83%, respectively). However, participants noted that the model did not handle or glide like human tendon (both 8% agreement). CONCLUSION: DragonSkin® silicone is an adaptable and valid material for simulated tendon repair models. It is low cost, widely available and shows promise as a training tool. Future research will focus on exploring its effectiveness in training settings.

DOI

10.1308/rcsann.2024.0064

Type

Journal article

Publication Date

2025-05-01T00:00:00+00:00

Volume

107

Pages

364 - 368

Total pages

4

Keywords

Education Q000193, Silicones D012828, Simulation Training D000066908, Tendon D013710, Animals, Swine, Suture Techniques, Simulation Training, Humans, Tendons, Tendon Injuries, Silicones, Reproducibility of Results, Models, Anatomic, Sutures

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